This timeline includes the key events of history of Nepal from during Unification (1768) until end of monarchy (2008). This timeline also includes some world events to give the idea of timeframe. (for timeline after this click here)
Background
1201 AD: Aridev Malla became the 1st malla king of Nepal-mandala (Kathmandu valley and around) marking the start of Malla era in central Nepal.
1612 AD: British East India Company made trade agreement with Mughal emperor Jahangir setting the first proper foothold in India.
1644-1922: Qing dynasty ruled China, also annexed Tibet into China in 1720.
1661: Jesuit Fathers Johann Grueber and Albert d'Orville reported that they reached "Cadmendu", the capital of Nepal kingdom during their travel from Tibet to India.
1743 AD: King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Great ascended to the throne of Principality of Gorkha.
Unification of Nepal (1744-1806) (full timeline)
1744 AD: King PN Shah started his unification process with the first attack on Nuwakot.
1768 AD: Gorkha principality conquered Kathmandu, the key state of Nepal-mandala confederation, marking the foundation of united kingdom of Nepal. King PN Shah moved his capital city from Gorkha to Kathmandu. Since this time the new united kingdom known by both name Gorkha & Nepal.
1775 AD: Pratap Singh Shah became 2nd King of Nepal after his father the great King Prithvi died.
1776 AD: USA declared independence from Great Britain.
1777 Nov: Rana Bahadur Shah became the 3rd King of Nepal at the age of 2 1/2 after his father King Pratap died.
1788-1792 AD: first Nepal-Tibet, China war. Treaty of Betrawati signed.
1799 Mar: Girbanyudda Bikram Shah became the 4th King of Nepal at the age of 1 and half as his fater Rana Bahadur (age 23) abdicated in favor of him.
1804-14 AD: Napoleon Bonaparte ruled French Empire.
1814-16: Anglo-Nepal war.
1816 Mar 4: Treaty of Sugauli signed between Nepal and East India company.
1816 Nov: Rajendra Bikram Shah became the 5th King of Nepal at the age of 3. He saw the rise and prominence of Rana dynasty during his rule.
Rana era of hereditary prime-minister-ship (1846-1951)
1817 Jun 18: Jung Bahadur Kunwar born. His mother Ganesh Kumari was the was sister of PM Mathbarsingh Thapa and niece of PM Bhimsen Thapa. His father Balnarsingh Kunwar (1783 Feb 2-1881 Dec 24) was an member of Royal court of King Rana Bahadur Shah (regin 1777 Nov 17– 1799 March 8). In 1806 Apr 25, Balnarshing killed Sher Bahadur Shah, the murderer of the King Rana Bahadur during a court in retaliation and got huge respect in the Royal court. Bala Narsingha became the Governor of Dhankuta (1828-1832), Dadedhura (1833-1835), and Jumla (1835-1837).
1835: Jung Bahadur Kuwar become Second Lieutenant in the Army.
1840: Jung Bahadur became Captain in the army.
1843 Dec 25: Mathbarsingh Thapa, maternal-uncle of JBR became Prime Minister.
1845 May 17: JBR killed own maternal uncle PM Mathbarsingh by the order of King & Queen.
1845: Jung Bahadur promoted to Major General in the Army.
1845 Sep 23: Fateh Jung Shah became Prime Minister.
1846 Sep 14: Kot massacre in Nepal. 40 people including PM Fateh Jung killed by Jung Bahadur.
1846 Sep 15: Jung Bahadur Kunwar became Prime Minister of Nepal and Commander in Chief of Nepal Army and laid the foundation of Rana dynasty in Nepal.
1847 May 12: Surendra Bikram shah became the 6th Kingof Nepal as Jung Bahadur forced his father King Rajendra to abdicate in favor of his son.
1848: Jung Bahadur got the title "Rana".
1850 Apr-1851 Feb: JBR visited Britain, France and Egypt.
1855 Apr-1856 Mar: Nepal-Tibet war. Nepal victory and Thapathali treaty signed which provisioned Tibet to pay tribute Rs.10,000 annually to Nepal.
1856 Aug 1 - 1857 May 25: Bam Bahadur Kuwar, brother of Jung Bahadur became Prime Minister of Nepal.
1856 Aug 6: JBR declared himself as the King of Lamjung & Kaski (Minor ex-kingdoms inside Nepal) and granted the title "Sri 3" symbolizing himself just under the King of Nepal "Sri 5".
1857 May 10- 1858 Nov 1: Sepoy Mutiny aka Indian Rebellion of 1857 happened which established direct British Rule in present day India, Pakistan & Bangladesh known as British Raj ending the rule of British East India Company.
1859: JBR gave political asylum to Begum Hazrat Mahal, queen of Awadh, wife of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and her 10-year-old son Birjis Qadr after the mutiny.
1860: Nepal got 4 westernmost terai districts (Banke, Bardiya, Kailali & Kanchanpur) back for helping British Raj during mutiny.
1877 Feb 25: Ranodip Singh (brother of JBR) became 2nd Rana Prime Minister.
1878: Crown Prince Trailokya, son of King Surendra, died.
1881 : Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, son of Prince Trailokya, became the 7th Kingof Nepal.
1882 Jan: Chautariya Colonel Ambar Bikram Shah (son Chautaria Pushkar Shah) and his Gorkhali aide attempted a unsuccessful coup d'état at Teku. All of them got killed by Ranas.
1885 Nov 22: Bir Shumsher "Jung Bahadur Rana" (nephew of JBR, son of Dhir Shamsher) became 3rd Prime Minister after successful coup d'état "known as 42 sale parba" by 17 sons of Dhir Shamsher, brother of JBR and Ranodip singh. To receive legacy of Jung Bahadur Rana they used his initials "JBR" as their name suffix. Leadership of Rana dynasty came to the 2nd generation of JBR.
1889 Jul: Bir Shumsher established "Bir Hospital" in Kathmandu which now works as a one of the largest government hospital in Nepal.
1892: Bir Shamsher established "Durbar High School", the first modern school in Nepal.
1901 Mar 5: Dev Shumsher "JBR" (4th son of Dhir Shamsher) became 4th Rana PM.
1901 May: Dev Shamsher launched "Gorkkhapatra", the first newspaper in Nepal, which now serves as the government's main publication.
1901 Jun 27: Chandra Shumsher (6th son of Dhir Shamsher) became 5th Rana PM.
1904 Apr 20: Marriage of Kaiser Shamsher JBR (s/o Chandra Shamsher JBR) and Princess Lakshmi Rajya Lakshmi Devi (d/o King Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah). Chandra Shamsher had declared her Crown Princess and heiress to the throne.
1911 Dec: King George V and Queen Mary visited south Nepal during their visit to attend Delhi Durbar of 1911.
1911 Dec 11: King Prithvi Bir Bikarm died, Tribhuvan became the King of Nepal.
1920: Chandra Shamsher banned "Sati Pratha" in Nepal.
1923 Dec 21: Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 signed in Singha Durbar, Kathmandu. This treaty is considered as the main achievement of Rana rule. This treaty registered in League of Nations in 1925.
1929 Nov 26: Bhim Shamsher (son of Dhir Shamsher) became 6th Rana PM.
1932 Sep 1: Juddha Shumsher (son of Dhir Shamsher) became 7th Rana PM.
1934 Jan 15: 8 Richter scale earthquake hit Nepal and Bihar region of British Raj killing as many as 10,000 people. 1st Dharahara built in 1824 completely destroyed but 2nd dharahara built in 1832 survived. 2015 earthquake destroyed 2nd tower as well.
1936 (1993BS): Judda Shamsher implemented social custom to reduce hindu funeral ritual from 45 days to 13 days.
Decline of Rana Era
1939: Nepal's first political party "Nepal Prajaparishad" formed to revolt against Rana dynasty in Nepal by Tanka Prasad Acharya, Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri, Gangalal Shrestha, Chudaprasad Sharma, Govinda Prasad Upadhya(Poudyal), Puskar Nath Upreti, Mukunda Nath Rimal, Bal Bahadur Pandey, Druba Prasad Dawade, Fadindra Nath Satyal, Hari Krishna Shrestha, Chakra Bahadur Khatri etc.
1940 Oct: Rana government arrested almost all members of the PrajaParishad.
1941 Jan 19: Rana government declared death penalty against Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri and Gangalal Shrestha and jail sentences to many members. And after this PrajaParishad was effectively dissolved.
1945 Nov 29: Padma Shumsher (nephew of Judda Shamsher, son of Bhim Shamsher) became 8th Rana PM. Leadership of Rana dynasty came to the 3rd generation of JBR.
1946 Jan 25-26: "Nepali National Congress" was founded in Bhawanipur, India. Imprisoned Tanka Prasad Acharya (from Nepal Prajaparishad) elected as president and B. P. Koirala elected as acting-president.
1947 Jun 11: First ever election in Nepal held by Rana regime as in all 21 wards of Kathmandu municipality. Total 68,118 male above 21 years were eligible to vote.
1947 March 13: National Congress started nationwide demostration against Rana regime.
1947 March: BP Koirala & Girija P Koirala arrested while entering Nepal.
1948 Jan 16: Rana PM Padma Shamsher promulgated the first constitution of Nepal which would implement from 1948 Apr 1.
1948 Apr 30: Mohan Shamsher (son of Chandra Shamsher, cousin of Padma Shamsher) became 9th Rana PM as Padma Shamsher resigned.
1948 May 1: Mohan Shamsher banned new constitution and National Congress.
1948 Aug 4: "Nepali Democratic Congress" founded by Mahendra Bikram Shah.
1948 Nov: BP Koirala again arrested in Kathmandu.
1949 Sep 15: Communist Party of Nepal founded in Culcutta, India. This is the party which majority of 10+ present communist parties in Nepal claim origin from. Founding General secretory was Puspalal Shrestha and members were Nar Bahadur Karmacharya, Niranjan Govinda Baidhya and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
1950 Apr 9: "Nepali Congress" party founded merging Nepali National Congress and Nepali Democratic Congress parties. Martika Prasad Koirala became first president of the party.
1950 Sep 27/28: Convention of Nepali Congress.
Armed Revolution against the Rana Regime
1950 Nov 6: King Tribhuvan took refuse in the Indian Embassy in Kathmandu and Nepali Congress announced armed revolution in Nepal at the same day.
1950 Nov 7: PM Mohan Shamsher appointed Gyanendra as King.
1950 Nov 10: King Tribhuvan flown to Delhi with family.
1950 Nov 11-12: Congress's Mukti Sena captured Birgunj and established provisional government headed by Tej Bahadur Amatya.
1950 Nov 12: Mukti sena captured Udayapur Gadhi.
1950 Nov 13: Mukti sena led by KI Singh attacked Bhairabha.
1950 Nov 16: Mukti sena captured Rangeli.
1950 Nov 19: Mukti sena captured Haraicha.
1950 Nov 20: KI singh attacked Bhairaba second time. Gov forces recaptured Birgunj.
1950 Nov 24: Indian PM Nehru started mediation in the conflict.
1950 Dec 10-11: Mukti sena captured Dingla & Khotang.
1950 Dec 11: Mukti sena attacked Biratnagar and captured in Dec 23 and started provisional government in Dec 24 headed by KP Koirala.
1950 Dec 14: Mukti sena captured Jhapa.
1951 Jan 16: Nepali Congress agreed on ceasefire as requested by Nehru in Jan 10 but KI Singh continued.
1951 Feb 12: India mediated formal peace agreement between King, Rana & Nepali Congress known as "Delhi Accord".
1951 Feb 15: King Tribhuvan and major leaders of Nepali Congress returned from India after Delhi Agreement with Rana Regime. This day (Falgun 7, 2007) is/was marked as Democracy day in Nepal.
1952 Nov 20: 7th Rana PM Judda Shamsher died in Dehradun, India.
1961 Apr 11: 8th Rana PM Padma Shamsher died.
1967 Jan 6: 9th and last Rana PM Mohan Shamsher died in Banglore, India.
1939: Nepal's first political party "Nepal Prajaparishad" formed to revolt against Rana dynasty in Nepal by Tanka Prasad Acharya, Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri, Gangalal Shrestha, Chudaprasad Sharma, Govinda Prasad Upadhya(Poudyal), Puskar Nath Upreti, Mukunda Nath Rimal, Bal Bahadur Pandey, Druba Prasad Dawade, Fadindra Nath Satyal, Hari Krishna Shrestha, Chakra Bahadur Khatri etc.
1940 Oct: Rana government arrested almost all members of the PrajaParishad.
1941 Jan 19: Rana government declared death penalty against Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri and Gangalal Shrestha and jail sentences to many members. And after this PrajaParishad was effectively dissolved.
1946 Jan 25-26: "Nepali National Congress" was founded in Bhawanipur, India. Imprisoned Tanka Prasad Acharya (from Nepal Prajaparishad) elected as president and B. P. Koirala elected as acting-president.
1947 Jun 11: First ever election in Nepal held by Rana regime as in all 21 wards of Kathmandu municipality. Total 68,118 male above 21 years were eligible to vote.
1947 March 13: National Congress started nationwide demostration against Rana regime.
1947 March: BP Koirala & Girija P Koirala arrested while entering Nepal.
1948 Jan 16: Rana PM Padma Shamsher promulgated the first constitution of Nepal which would implement from 1948 Apr 1.
1948 Apr 30: Mohan Shamsher became new Rana PM as Padma Shamsher resigned.
1948 May 1: Mohan Shamsher banned new constitution and National Congress.
1948 Aug 4: "Nepali Democratic Congress" founded by Mahendra Bikram Shah.
1948 Nov: BP Koirala again arrested in Kathmandu.
1949 Sep 15: Communist Party of Nepal founded in Culcutta, India. This is the party which majority of 10+ present communist parties in Nepal claim origin from. Founding General secretory was Puspalal Shrestha and members were Nar Bahadur Karmacharya, Niranjan Govinda Baidhya and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
1950 Apr 9: "Nepali Congress" party founded merging Nepali National Congress and Nepali Democratic Congress parties. Martika Prasad Koirala became first president of the party.
1950 Sep 27/28: Convention of Nepali Congress.
1950 Nov 6: King Tribhuvan took refuse in the Indian Embassy in Kathmandu and Nepali Congress announced armed revolution in Nepal.
1950 Nov 7: PM Mohan Shamsher appointed Gyanendra as King.
1950 Nov 10: King Tribhuvan flown to Delhi with family.
1950 Nov 11-12: Congress's Mukti Sena captured Birgunj and established provisional government headed by Tej Bahadur Amatya.
1950 Nov 12: Mukti sena captured Udayapur Gadhi.
1950 Nov 13: Mukti sena led by KI Singh attacked Bhairabha.
1950 Nov 16: Mukti sena captured Rangeli.
1950 Nov 19: Mukti sena captured Haraicha.
1950 Nov 20: KI singh attacked Bhairaba second time. Gov forces recaptured Birgunj.
1950 Nov 24: Indian PM Nehru started mediation in the conflict.
1950 Dec 10-11: Mukti sena captured Dingla & Khotang.
1950 Dec 11: Mukti sena attacked Biratnagar and captured in Dec 23 and started provisional governemt in Dec 24 headed by KP Koirala.
1950 Dec 14: Mukti sena captured Jhapa.
1951 Jan 16: Nepali Congress agreed on ceasefire as requested by Nehru in Jan 10 but KI Singh continued.
1951 Feb 12: India mediated formal peace agreement between King, Rana & Nepali Congress known as "Delhi Accord".
1951 Feb 15: King Tribhuvan and major leaders of Nepali Congress returned from India after Delhi Agreement with Rana Regime. This day (Falgun 7, 2007) is/was marked as Democracy day in Nepal.
1951 Feb 18: Rana-Congress government formed. Mohan Shamsher continued as PM. Other ministers were: From Rana side Baber Shamsher JBR (Defence), Chudraj Shamsher (Forests), Nripa Jang Rana (Education), Yagya Bahadur Basnyat (Health) and from congress side: Subarna Shamsher (Finance), B.P. Koirala (Home), Ganesh Man Singh (Commerce and Industry), Bharatmani Sharma (Food and Agriculture) and Bhadrakali Mishra (Transport).
1951 Feb 21: Indian armed force intervened in support of the government. KI Singh and 100 rebels were captured.
1951 Apr 9: Bir Gorkha Dal led by Randhir Subba and Bharat Shamsher revolt against the new government.
1951 Apr 15 : government banned Veer Gorkha Dal.
1951 Apr 16: King Tribhuvan stripped PM Mohan Shamer from his position as supreme commander of Nepal Army.
1951 May 10-16: India mediated another negotiation between King, Rana and NC who agreed to established the 40 member advisory assembly.
1951 June 10: Rana PM Mohan shamsher formed another government with Nepali congress.
1951 Nov 6: Government fired on student protestors in Kathmandu.
1951 Nov 10: NC members resigned from the government.
1951 Nov 12: Rana PM Mohan Shamsher also resigned from the government.
1951 Nov 16: Matrika Prasad Koirala became the first commoner PM of Nepal after the end of Rana regime.
1951 Dec 14: Mohan Shumsher, Last Rana PM, went into self-imposed exile in India.
1952 Jan 22-24: Government troops suppressed a rebellion led by K. I. Singh in Kathmandu
1952 Jan 23: King Tribhuvan declared stated of emergency.
1952 Jan 25: Government banned Communist party of Nepal and Rastriya Mahasabha after Raksha Dal revolt.
1952 Feb 27: India sent 200 military personal in the name of assisting the government which stayed until 1970 Aug 18.
1952 May 26: BP Koirala became second president of the Nepali Congress Party.
1952 July 4: 40-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1952 July 25: Accused of violating party principles and acting against the constitution, NC expelled PM Matrika P Koirala.
1952 Aug 6: PM MP Koirala resigned.
1952 Aug 6: PM MP Koirala resigned.
1952 July 25: Accused of violating party principles and acting against the constitution, NC expelled PM Matrika P Koirala.
1952 July 4: 40-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1952 May 26: BP Koirala became second president of the Nepali Congress Party.
1952 Feb 27: India sent 200 military personal in the name of assisting the government which stayed until 1970 Aug 18.
1952 Jan 25: Government banned Communist party of Nepal and Rastriya Mahasabha after Raksha Dal revolt.
1952 Jan 23: King Tribhuvan declared stated of emergency.
1952 Jan 22-24: Government troops suppressed a rebellion led by K. I. Singh in Kathmandu
1951 Dec 14: Mohan Shumsher, Last Rana PM, went into self-imposed exile in India.
1951 Nov 16: Matrika Prasad Koirala became the first commoner PM of Nepal after the end of Rana regime.
1952 Aug 10: King Tribhuvan took control of the government.
1952 Sep 4: King Tribhubana dissolved the Advisory Assembly.
1953 June: MP Koirala established National Democratic Party.
1953 Jun 15: Matrika Prasad Koirala became PM. (2nd term)
1953 Sep 2: Second Kathmandu Municipal election held. Wards were reduced from 21 to 18. Sadhana devi became first elected women representative from ward no 8. Candidates of the banned CPN won some 50 percent of the vote. Indian troops intervened in support of the government.
1954 Jan 30: First party congress of CPN held in Patan secretly while still being banned for 9 days. Manmohan Adhikari elected as the General Secretory. (link)
1954 May 28: 112-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1955 Jan 10: NC launched a civil disobedience movement
1955 Jan 31: PM Koirala resined but The Royal Council of State refused to accept the resignation. King Tribhubana dissolved the Royal Council of State on February 18 and vested royal powers in Crown Prince Mahendra Bir Bikram.
1955 Mar 2: Prince Mahendra accepted the resignation of PM.
1955 Mar 13: King Tribhuvan died. King Mahendra ascended the throne of Nepal.
1955 Apr 14: Direct rule by King Mahendra removing PM Matrika P Koirala.
1955 Jul 10: King Mahendra dissolved Advisory Assembly.
1956 Jan 24-25: Sixth National Convention of Nepali congress held in Birgunj. Subarna Shumshere elected as the President.
1956: Political relation between China and Soviet Union started to break on the definition of Marxism-Leninism which affected CPN.
1956 Sep 28: 8th convention of CP of China. Manmohan Adhikari attended representing CPN. Keshar Jung Rayamajhi took acting-general secretary during his visit.
1956 Jan 27: Tanka Prasad Acharya as PM by the King.
1956 Apr: Ban lifted on Communist Party of Nepal.
1957 Feb 25-28: Chinese PM Zhou Enlai visited Nepal
1957 May 23: BP Koirala elected as the president of Nepali Congress.
1957 Jul 13: Tanka Prasad Acharya resigned as PM.
1957 Jul 27: Dr. KI Singh as PM by the King.
1957 Aug 9: NC, NNC, and PP formed the Democratic Front (DF).
1957 Sep 30: government announced the postponement of the national elections which were scheduled for October 8.
1957 May 28-Jun 7: Second National congress held of CPN. Soft-liner & pro-soviet Keshar Jung Rayamajhi elected as the General Secretary. Manmohan Adhikari could not attend as he was taking medical treatment in China. Mohan Bikram Singh elected as the central committee member.
1957 Nov 14: King Mahendra took direct control of the govt as KI Singh resigned as PM.
1957 Dec 7: Democratic Front (DF) launched a civil disobedience campaign in protest of the postponement of the national elections.
1958 Feb 1: King Mahendra formed a government composed of representatives of the DF and NC ended its civil disobedience campaign on Feb 4.
1958 May 15: Suberna Shamsher, Nepali Congress leader, appointed as PM by the King.
1959 Mar 30: The 14th Dalai Lama entered India from North east and established government of Tibet in exile in Apr 28 in Dharmasala, India (west of Nepal).
1959 May 4: Suberna Shamsher resigned as PM.
1959 May 27: BP Koirala became first elected Prime Minister of Nepal.
1960 Apr 27-30: King Mahendra visited USA & Canada. (link) Addressed US congress in Apr 28.
1960 May 7-13: Seventh National Convention of Nepali Congress held at Kathmandu. Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala as president.
1960 Sep 22: PM Koirala visited USA to attend UN general assembly.
1960: USSR President Marshal Voroshilov visited Nepal
1960: Chinese PM Zhou En-lai visited Nepal for second time.
1960 Dec 15 (B.S. 2017 Poush 1): King Mahendra dissolved the parliament, suspended the constitution, and imprisoned the PM BP Koirala and other leaders.
1960 Dec 26: King Mahendra appointed a council of 5 ministers to help run the administration. Tulsi Giri as PM (1st term)
1961 Jan: UK Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip visited Nepal.
1961 Dec: Nepali congress started armed revolution.
1962 May (2019 Jeth BS): Election of City-panchayat, Jilla-Panchayat and Anchal-panchayat one after another.
1962 Mar 20 (2018 Chaitra 7): Gram Panchayat (local level) election in 3439 villages.
1962 Apr 13 (B.S. 2019 Baisakh 1): King Mahendra laid the foundation stone of Mahendra Highway in Gaidakot, Nawalparasi.
1962 Oct 20-Nov 21: Indo-China war.
1962 Nov 8: Nepali congress called off the armed insurrection and adopted peaceful means for struggle amid Indo-China war.
1962 Dec 16 (B.S. 2019 Paush 1) : King Mahendra promulgated the new Constitution of Nepal (नेपालको संविधान २०१९). The new constitution created 4-tire Panchayeti System (पञ्चायत): Village/Town Panchayat, District Panchayat, Zonal Assembly & National panchayat.
1963 Dec 23: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (1st term)
1964 Feb 26: Tulsi Giri as PM (2nd term)
1964 Apr 13:(2021 Baisakh 1-Jeth 15): mid-term election in 3543 village panchayat.
1965 Jan 26: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (2nd term)
1967: Back to the Village National Campaign (Gaau Farka, गाउँ फर्क राष्ट्रिय अभियान) was implemented until 1975.
1967 Oct 30-Dec 3: King Mahendra visited USA.
1968 Oct 30: BP Koirala and many other leaders released from the prison. BP went to India.
1969 Apr 7: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM. (1st term)
1969: Indian PM Indira Gandhi imposed economic blockade to Nepal. Nepal asked 18 Indian Army checkposts and liaison groups be withdrawn from Nepal asap.
1970 Apr 13: Gehendra Bahadur Rajbhandari as acting PM.
1970 June 18: All checkeposts of Indian army removed from Nepal.
1971: First Election of National Panchayet held. Total 125 members; out of them 16 were appointed by the King, 90 were elected by Zonal Assemblies, 15 were elected by class organizations and 4 were elected by the collage graduates. Ram Raja Prasad Singh won from graduate seat. But as a reformist Singh was arrested before the sworn in ceremony.
1971 Aug 26: Ram Raja Prasad Singh was given royal pardon, then he took the oath of
1971 Apr 14: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM (2nd term)
1971 Jun 27: Prince Dipendra, son of then Crown Prince Birendra, born
1971 Nov 1: New National Education System (राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा पद्धतिको योजना २०२८) implemented. Two districts Chitwan and Kaski was selected for the first phase.
1972 Jan 31: King Mahendra died. Birendra became the new King of Nepal.
1972 Aug 24: BP Koirala started armed revolution against the Panchayati System from India.
1972 Oct: Surya Bahadur Thapa arrested.
1972-1974(BS 2028-2030): Jhapa Andolan (झापा आन्दोलन).
1973 March 4 (2029 Falgun 21): 5 leaders of Jhapa Andolan killed in Sukhani Jungle during their transfer from Chandragadhi Jail to Ilam Jail. KP Oli government declared them as martyr in 2016 March 2 after 43 years.
1973 Jul 16: Nagendra Prasad Rijal as PM
1975 Feb 24: Coronation of King Birendra. He presented the proposal to recognize Nepal as a zone of peace. Eventually recognized by 116 countries except India.
1975 April: Kingdom of Sikkim was annexed by India.
1975 Dec 1: Tulsi Giri as PM (3rd term)
2032 BS: Election of village, city and district panchayats held.
1976 June: King Birendra visited China. Chine supported Nepal's zone of peace proposal.
1976 Dec 30: (BS 2033 Paush 16) BP Koirala returned Nepal adopting Rastriya Melmilap Niti and arrested.
1977 Sep 12: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM (3rd term).
1978 Dec 26: (2035 Push 11) CPN (ML) founded by CP Mainali, Madhab K Nepal, Ramchandra Yadav, Amrit Bohora, Jhalnath Khanal, Mukunda Neupane, Manilal Rai, Govinda Neupane, Jibraj Ashrit, Modnath Prashit, Madan Bhandari, Bamdev Gautam, Siddinath Gyawali, Netrala Abhagi, Basu Shakya etc.
1979 Apr 23: Ascol clash between police and students. 3 students killed.
1979 Apr 27: people in Hetauda kept a Minister hostage for 10 hours. Police responded, 3 to 17 peoples died. Next day many leaders arrested. BP Koirala was kept under house arrest.
1979 May 2: King Birendra formed 5 member commission to find the solution for the unrest.
1979 May 23: King Birendra made a public declaration for a referendum with secret vote.
1979 May 30: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (3rd term)
1980: Namita Sunita Kanda : School girls Namita Bhandari, Sunita Bhandari and Neera Parajuli, were raped and murdered in Pokhara, Nepal. The bodies of all three girls were found in the Gandaki River. The only witness Churamani Adhikari, employee of forest dept was taken to police station but next day he was found dead, later police decleare that as suicide. The Namita-Sunita case was closed inconclusively in 2003. (L)
1980 May 2: Referendum (२०३६ सालको जनमत संग्रह) on non-partisan panchayat system or a multiparty system. The panchayat system received a slim majority of 54.8%. Voter turnout was 66.9%.
1980 June 1: Surya Bahadur Thapa became PM (3rd term)
1981 May 9: Second Election of National Panchayat held. Political parties were still banned. In total 140 seats 28 were appointed by King and 112 were to be independently elected. Two pre-panchayat PM also contested. Matrika Prasad Koirala lost the election where K.I. Singh won. NC (Suberna) launched 36 candidates as independents winning by 4 candidates namely Dr. K.I. Singh, Bakhan Singh Gurung, Kashi Nath Gautam and Bhagwat Yadav. PM Thapa elected from Dhankuta but 70% of the candidate unofficially supported by the state lost the election.
1981 May/June: Chinese PM Zhao Ziyang visited Nepal
1982 May 11 (Baisakh 28-Jeth 4 2039 BS): 4022 village, 29 city and 75 districts panchayat election held.
1982 Jun 16 (Asadh 2, 2039BS): District Panchayat election held.
1982 Jul 21: BP Koirala, leader of Nepali Congress and former PM, died.
1983 Jul 12: Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (1st term)
1983 Dec 5-10: King Birendra visited USA. (link)
1984 March 19: Chinese President Li Xiannian visited Nepal.
1984 Oct 31: Indian PM Indira Gandhi assassinated.
1985 May 23: Nepali congress started Civil Disobedience Movement (सत्याग्रह). More than 12000 party workers and sympathizers voluntarily went to jail for several months.
1985 June 20: Blasts of 1985 (४२ साले बम काण्ड): series of coordinated bomb blasts occurred in Kathmandu and other cities in Nepal. 8 people incl 1 member of panchayati parliament killed. Ramraja Prasad Singh, leader of then Nepal Janabadi Morcha claimed the responsibility. Nepali Congress had to call off its disobedience movement after the blasts.
1986 Mar 21: Nagendra Prasad Rijal as PM (2nd term)
1986: UK Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip visited Nepal
1986 May 12: Third Election of National panchayat held. 1,548 candidates ran as independents for 112 seats where as 28 were appointed by the king.
1986 Jun 15: Marich Man Singh Shrestha as PM
1987 Mar 21 & 24: (2043 Chaitra 7-10) Local election held in all 33 City & 4,015 Village Panchayats. (link)
1989 Apr, May: Nepal bought fuel from China.
1989 Oct 5: Nepali foreign minister Sailendra Kumar Upadhaya raised the issue of blockade in UN without mentioning India.
1989 Nov: Chinese PM Li Peng visited Nepal. In Kathmandu he said: "all countries, small or big, should be treated equally. Problems and disputes should be handled according to five principles of peaceful co-existence".
1989 Sep: more than 900 Nepali Congress supporters were arrested.
1990 Jan 18: Nepali Congress called for a decisive movement for the restoration of democracy and welcomed other parties to join.
1990 Jan : seven communist parties formed a alliance to fight for democracy led by Sahana Pradhan.
1990 February 18 (Falgun 7, 2046 B.S.): Nation-wide Movement for Restoration of Democracy was started by Nepali Congress and Left front of seven Communist Parties led by CPN (ML).
1990 Apr 6: 50 pro-democracy demonstrators were killed in Kathmandu on a march to Royal Palace.
Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (2nd time) [13 days]
1990 Apr 6: King appointed Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (2nd time) [13 days]
1990 Apr 8: upraising organized by Nepali Congress and Left alliance became successful, King Birendra removed the 30 years ban on political parties. Panchayat System ended.
1990 Apr 15: Panchayat System was suspended.
Key People of Panchayat
King Mahendra (1920 June 11 - 1972 Jan 31)
King Birendra (1945 Dec 29 - 2001 June 1)
BP Koirala (1914 Sep 8 - 1982 Jul 21) NC Leader
Ganeshman Singh (1915 Nov 9 - 1997 Sep 18) NC Leader
Surya Bahadur Thapa ( 1928 Mar 21- 2015 Apr 15) PM
Marich Man Singh Shrestha (1942 Jan 1 -2013 Aug 15) PM
Ram Raja Prasad Singh (1936 - 2012 Sep 12) key figure against Panchayati system.
Constitutional Kingdom era (1990-2002)
1990 Apr 19: Krishna Prasad Bhattarai from Nepali Congress became PM
1990 Apr: India removed the 13 months blockade in Nepal.
1990 June: PM Bhattarai visited India and met Indian PM VP Singh. India removed the blockade.
1st Krishna P Bhattarai Government (1990 Apr-1991 May)
1991 May 26: Nepali Congress leader Girija Prasad Koirala ( गिरीजाप्रसाद कोइराला) appointed as Prime Minister of majority government. (110 NC/205 Total)
1991 June 26: Nepali congress won majority seats in Rastriya Sabha (upper house). (Total 60- indirectly elected members 50, nominated by King 10). Members: Madhab Kumar Nepal (UML, leader of opposition),
1991 Dec : Nepal-India agreed on India's access on Nepali Tanakpur Barrage on Mahakali river.
1991 Dec 21: 6th SAARC summit held in Sri Lanka. PM Koirala represented Nepal.
1992 Feb 8: RPP Thapa & RPP Chand merged to form RPP.
1992 Feb: Motilal Bohora became Chief of Nepal Police.
1992 Apr 6: General Strike by lef. wing, many shot dead.
1992 Apr 26-May 31 Local election held in all 36 municipalities and 3,995 VDCs.
1992 May 2: General strike by left wing.
1993 Jan 27-Feb 2: 5th convention of CPN UML, party adopted People's Multi-party Democracy.
1993 Mar 16: Madan Bhandari, leader of the influential 'Communist party of Nepal UML', killed in the road accident along with other leader Jeev Raj Ashrit. Only eyewitness of the scene car driver Amar Lama was killed by unidentified gunman in daylight 1:45 pm in Kirtipur in 2003 July 28.
1993 Apr 10-11: 7th SAARC summit held in Bangladesh. Again PM Koirala represented Nepal.
1993 June 29: several days anti government protest, 25 people killed so far.
1994 March 7: Koirala government survived no confidence vote at house of representative.
1994 July 10: Koirala Government lost on new no-confidence vote despite of being majority party as 36 MPs of NC voted against him. PM Girija Prasad Koirala resigned. House of representative was dissolved next day.
2006 Feb 1: King Gyanendra pledged to hold national elections within 15 months, on the occasion of one-year anniversary of his direct rule.
2006 Feb 8: King Gyanendra held local election in 58 municipalities. All major political parties of that time NC, UML, NC-Democratic, Rastriya Janamorcha etc boycotted this election. This election declared invalid after successful 19-days people's movement.
2008 July 21: The Constituent Assembly elected Dr Ram Baran Yadav as the First President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Sworn in at 2008 July 23.
References:-
http://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/asiapacific-region/nepal-1946-present/
Background
1201 AD: Aridev Malla became the 1st malla king of Nepal-mandala (Kathmandu valley and around) marking the start of Malla era in central Nepal.
1206-1227 AD: rule of Genghis Khan who founded "Mongol Empire" in East & Central Asia.
1261: Araniko leading 80 Nepali artists went to China in the request of emperor Kublai khan.
1312 AD: King Ripu Malla of Khas empire of western Nepal visited Lumbini. His stone inscription near Ashoka pillar in Lumbini is still in existence.
1324 AD: Last king of Simarungarh (in South East Nepal) Harisingh Dev defeated by Gayasudin Tuglak of Delhi Sultanate. King Harisingh dev left for Nepal-mandala with family for refuge.
1380s-early 1400s: Khas empire of western Nepal started to disband which ultimately turned in to Baaise and Cahubisi kingdoms, some 45 small principalities in Karnali, Vary and Gandaki regions.
1498 AD: Vasco De Gama arrived in India from Portugal.
1559 AD: Drabya Shah became the 1st king of Principality of Gorkha (a small kingdom in Chaubisi region) establishing the "Shah house".
1564-1616 AD: life span of William Shakespeare, the greatest writer in English literature.1612 AD: British East India Company made trade agreement with Mughal emperor Jahangir setting the first proper foothold in India.
1644-1922: Qing dynasty ruled China, also annexed Tibet into China in 1720.
1661: Jesuit Fathers Johann Grueber and Albert d'Orville reported that they reached "Cadmendu", the capital of Nepal kingdom during their travel from Tibet to India.
1743 AD: King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Great ascended to the throne of Principality of Gorkha.
Unification of Nepal (1744-1806) (full timeline)
1744 AD: King PN Shah started his unification process with the first attack on Nuwakot.
1768 AD: Gorkha principality conquered Kathmandu, the key state of Nepal-mandala confederation, marking the foundation of united kingdom of Nepal. King PN Shah moved his capital city from Gorkha to Kathmandu. Since this time the new united kingdom known by both name Gorkha & Nepal.
1775 AD: Pratap Singh Shah became 2nd King of Nepal after his father the great King Prithvi died.
1776 AD: USA declared independence from Great Britain.
1777 Nov: Rana Bahadur Shah became the 3rd King of Nepal at the age of 2 1/2 after his father King Pratap died.
1788-1792 AD: first Nepal-Tibet, China war. Treaty of Betrawati signed.
1799 Mar: Girbanyudda Bikram Shah became the 4th King of Nepal at the age of 1 and half as his fater Rana Bahadur (age 23) abdicated in favor of him.
1804-14 AD: Napoleon Bonaparte ruled French Empire.
1814-16: Anglo-Nepal war.
1816 Mar 4: Treaty of Sugauli signed between Nepal and East India company.
1816 Nov: Rajendra Bikram Shah became the 5th King of Nepal at the age of 3. He saw the rise and prominence of Rana dynasty during his rule.
Rana era of hereditary prime-minister-ship (1846-1951)
1817 Jun 18: Jung Bahadur Kunwar born. His mother Ganesh Kumari was the was sister of PM Mathbarsingh Thapa and niece of PM Bhimsen Thapa. His father Balnarsingh Kunwar (1783 Feb 2-1881 Dec 24) was an member of Royal court of King Rana Bahadur Shah (regin 1777 Nov 17– 1799 March 8). In 1806 Apr 25, Balnarshing killed Sher Bahadur Shah, the murderer of the King Rana Bahadur during a court in retaliation and got huge respect in the Royal court. Bala Narsingha became the Governor of Dhankuta (1828-1832), Dadedhura (1833-1835), and Jumla (1835-1837).
1835: Jung Bahadur Kuwar become Second Lieutenant in the Army.
1840: Jung Bahadur became Captain in the army.
1843 Dec 25: Mathbarsingh Thapa, maternal-uncle of JBR became Prime Minister.
1845 May 17: JBR killed own maternal uncle PM Mathbarsingh by the order of King & Queen.
1845: Jung Bahadur promoted to Major General in the Army.
1845 Sep 23: Fateh Jung Shah became Prime Minister.
1846 Sep 14: Kot massacre in Nepal. 40 people including PM Fateh Jung killed by Jung Bahadur.
1846 Sep 15: Jung Bahadur Kunwar became Prime Minister of Nepal and Commander in Chief of Nepal Army and laid the foundation of Rana dynasty in Nepal.
1847 May 12: Surendra Bikram shah became the 6th Kingof Nepal as Jung Bahadur forced his father King Rajendra to abdicate in favor of his son.
1848: Jung Bahadur got the title "Rana".
1850 Apr-1851 Feb: JBR visited Britain, France and Egypt.
1855 Apr-1856 Mar: Nepal-Tibet war. Nepal victory and Thapathali treaty signed which provisioned Tibet to pay tribute Rs.10,000 annually to Nepal.
1856 Aug 1 - 1857 May 25: Bam Bahadur Kuwar, brother of Jung Bahadur became Prime Minister of Nepal.
1856 Aug 6: JBR declared himself as the King of Lamjung & Kaski (Minor ex-kingdoms inside Nepal) and granted the title "Sri 3" symbolizing himself just under the King of Nepal "Sri 5".
1857 May 10- 1858 Nov 1: Sepoy Mutiny aka Indian Rebellion of 1857 happened which established direct British Rule in present day India, Pakistan & Bangladesh known as British Raj ending the rule of British East India Company.
1859: JBR gave political asylum to Begum Hazrat Mahal, queen of Awadh, wife of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and her 10-year-old son Birjis Qadr after the mutiny.
1860: Nepal got 4 westernmost terai districts (Banke, Bardiya, Kailali & Kanchanpur) back for helping British Raj during mutiny.
1877 Feb 25: Ranodip Singh (brother of JBR) became 2nd Rana Prime Minister.
1878: Crown Prince Trailokya, son of King Surendra, died.
1881 : Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, son of Prince Trailokya, became the 7th Kingof Nepal.
1882 Jan: Chautariya Colonel Ambar Bikram Shah (son Chautaria Pushkar Shah) and his Gorkhali aide attempted a unsuccessful coup d'état at Teku. All of them got killed by Ranas.
1885 Nov 22: Bir Shumsher "Jung Bahadur Rana" (nephew of JBR, son of Dhir Shamsher) became 3rd Prime Minister after successful coup d'état "known as 42 sale parba" by 17 sons of Dhir Shamsher, brother of JBR and Ranodip singh. To receive legacy of Jung Bahadur Rana they used his initials "JBR" as their name suffix. Leadership of Rana dynasty came to the 2nd generation of JBR.
1889 Jul: Bir Shumsher established "Bir Hospital" in Kathmandu which now works as a one of the largest government hospital in Nepal.
1892: Bir Shamsher established "Durbar High School", the first modern school in Nepal.
1901 Mar 5: Dev Shumsher "JBR" (4th son of Dhir Shamsher) became 4th Rana PM.
1901 May: Dev Shamsher launched "Gorkkhapatra", the first newspaper in Nepal, which now serves as the government's main publication.
1901 Jun 27: Chandra Shumsher (6th son of Dhir Shamsher) became 5th Rana PM.
1904 Apr 20: Marriage of Kaiser Shamsher JBR (s/o Chandra Shamsher JBR) and Princess Lakshmi Rajya Lakshmi Devi (d/o King Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah). Chandra Shamsher had declared her Crown Princess and heiress to the throne.
1911 Dec: King George V and Queen Mary visited south Nepal during their visit to attend Delhi Durbar of 1911.
1911 Dec 11: King Prithvi Bir Bikarm died, Tribhuvan became the King of Nepal.
1920: Chandra Shamsher banned "Sati Pratha" in Nepal.
1923 Dec 21: Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 signed in Singha Durbar, Kathmandu. This treaty is considered as the main achievement of Rana rule. This treaty registered in League of Nations in 1925.
1929 Nov 26: Bhim Shamsher (son of Dhir Shamsher) became 6th Rana PM.
1932 Sep 1: Juddha Shumsher (son of Dhir Shamsher) became 7th Rana PM.
1934 Jan 15: 8 Richter scale earthquake hit Nepal and Bihar region of British Raj killing as many as 10,000 people. 1st Dharahara built in 1824 completely destroyed but 2nd dharahara built in 1832 survived. 2015 earthquake destroyed 2nd tower as well.
1936 (1993BS): Judda Shamsher implemented social custom to reduce hindu funeral ritual from 45 days to 13 days.
Decline of Rana Era
1939: Nepal's first political party "Nepal Prajaparishad" formed to revolt against Rana dynasty in Nepal by Tanka Prasad Acharya, Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri, Gangalal Shrestha, Chudaprasad Sharma, Govinda Prasad Upadhya(Poudyal), Puskar Nath Upreti, Mukunda Nath Rimal, Bal Bahadur Pandey, Druba Prasad Dawade, Fadindra Nath Satyal, Hari Krishna Shrestha, Chakra Bahadur Khatri etc.
1940 Oct: Rana government arrested almost all members of the PrajaParishad.
1941 Jan 19: Rana government declared death penalty against Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri and Gangalal Shrestha and jail sentences to many members. And after this PrajaParishad was effectively dissolved.
1945 Nov 29: Padma Shumsher (nephew of Judda Shamsher, son of Bhim Shamsher) became 8th Rana PM. Leadership of Rana dynasty came to the 3rd generation of JBR.
1947 Jun 11: First ever election in Nepal held by Rana regime as in all 21 wards of Kathmandu municipality. Total 68,118 male above 21 years were eligible to vote.
1947 March 13: National Congress started nationwide demostration against Rana regime.
1947 March: BP Koirala & Girija P Koirala arrested while entering Nepal.
1948 Jan 16: Rana PM Padma Shamsher promulgated the first constitution of Nepal which would implement from 1948 Apr 1.
1948 Apr 30: Mohan Shamsher (son of Chandra Shamsher, cousin of Padma Shamsher) became 9th Rana PM as Padma Shamsher resigned.
1948 May 1: Mohan Shamsher banned new constitution and National Congress.
1948 Aug 4: "Nepali Democratic Congress" founded by Mahendra Bikram Shah.
1948 Nov: BP Koirala again arrested in Kathmandu.
1949 Sep 15: Communist Party of Nepal founded in Culcutta, India. This is the party which majority of 10+ present communist parties in Nepal claim origin from. Founding General secretory was Puspalal Shrestha and members were Nar Bahadur Karmacharya, Niranjan Govinda Baidhya and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
1950 Apr 9: "Nepali Congress" party founded merging Nepali National Congress and Nepali Democratic Congress parties. Martika Prasad Koirala became first president of the party.
1950 Sep 27/28: Convention of Nepali Congress.
Armed Revolution against the Rana Regime
1950 Nov 6: King Tribhuvan took refuse in the Indian Embassy in Kathmandu and Nepali Congress announced armed revolution in Nepal at the same day.
1950 Nov 7: PM Mohan Shamsher appointed Gyanendra as King.
1950 Nov 10: King Tribhuvan flown to Delhi with family.
1950 Nov 11-12: Congress's Mukti Sena captured Birgunj and established provisional government headed by Tej Bahadur Amatya.
1950 Nov 12: Mukti sena captured Udayapur Gadhi.
1950 Nov 13: Mukti sena led by KI Singh attacked Bhairabha.
1950 Nov 16: Mukti sena captured Rangeli.
1950 Nov 19: Mukti sena captured Haraicha.
1950 Nov 20: KI singh attacked Bhairaba second time. Gov forces recaptured Birgunj.
1950 Nov 24: Indian PM Nehru started mediation in the conflict.
1950 Dec 10-11: Mukti sena captured Dingla & Khotang.
1950 Dec 11: Mukti sena attacked Biratnagar and captured in Dec 23 and started provisional government in Dec 24 headed by KP Koirala.
1950 Dec 14: Mukti sena captured Jhapa.
1951 Jan 16: Nepali Congress agreed on ceasefire as requested by Nehru in Jan 10 but KI Singh continued.
1951 Feb 12: India mediated formal peace agreement between King, Rana & Nepali Congress known as "Delhi Accord".
1951 Feb 15: King Tribhuvan and major leaders of Nepali Congress returned from India after Delhi Agreement with Rana Regime. This day (Falgun 7, 2007) is/was marked as Democracy day in Nepal.
1952 Nov 20: 7th Rana PM Judda Shamsher died in Dehradun, India.
1961 Apr 11: 8th Rana PM Padma Shamsher died.
1967 Jan 6: 9th and last Rana PM Mohan Shamsher died in Banglore, India.
1939: Nepal's first political party "Nepal Prajaparishad" formed to revolt against Rana dynasty in Nepal by Tanka Prasad Acharya, Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri, Gangalal Shrestha, Chudaprasad Sharma, Govinda Prasad Upadhya(Poudyal), Puskar Nath Upreti, Mukunda Nath Rimal, Bal Bahadur Pandey, Druba Prasad Dawade, Fadindra Nath Satyal, Hari Krishna Shrestha, Chakra Bahadur Khatri etc.
1940 Oct: Rana government arrested almost all members of the PrajaParishad.
1941 Jan 19: Rana government declared death penalty against Dharma Bhakta Mathema, Dashrath Chand, Sukra Raj Shastri and Gangalal Shrestha and jail sentences to many members. And after this PrajaParishad was effectively dissolved.
1946 Jan 25-26: "Nepali National Congress" was founded in Bhawanipur, India. Imprisoned Tanka Prasad Acharya (from Nepal Prajaparishad) elected as president and B. P. Koirala elected as acting-president.
1947 Jun 11: First ever election in Nepal held by Rana regime as in all 21 wards of Kathmandu municipality. Total 68,118 male above 21 years were eligible to vote.
1947 March 13: National Congress started nationwide demostration against Rana regime.
1947 March: BP Koirala & Girija P Koirala arrested while entering Nepal.
1948 Jan 16: Rana PM Padma Shamsher promulgated the first constitution of Nepal which would implement from 1948 Apr 1.
1948 Apr 30: Mohan Shamsher became new Rana PM as Padma Shamsher resigned.
1948 May 1: Mohan Shamsher banned new constitution and National Congress.
1948 Aug 4: "Nepali Democratic Congress" founded by Mahendra Bikram Shah.
1948 Nov: BP Koirala again arrested in Kathmandu.
1949 Sep 15: Communist Party of Nepal founded in Culcutta, India. This is the party which majority of 10+ present communist parties in Nepal claim origin from. Founding General secretory was Puspalal Shrestha and members were Nar Bahadur Karmacharya, Niranjan Govinda Baidhya and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
1950 Apr 9: "Nepali Congress" party founded merging Nepali National Congress and Nepali Democratic Congress parties. Martika Prasad Koirala became first president of the party.
1950 Sep 27/28: Convention of Nepali Congress.
1950 Nov 6: King Tribhuvan took refuse in the Indian Embassy in Kathmandu and Nepali Congress announced armed revolution in Nepal.
1950 Nov 7: PM Mohan Shamsher appointed Gyanendra as King.
1950 Nov 10: King Tribhuvan flown to Delhi with family.
1950 Nov 11-12: Congress's Mukti Sena captured Birgunj and established provisional government headed by Tej Bahadur Amatya.
1950 Nov 12: Mukti sena captured Udayapur Gadhi.
1950 Nov 13: Mukti sena led by KI Singh attacked Bhairabha.
1950 Nov 16: Mukti sena captured Rangeli.
1950 Nov 19: Mukti sena captured Haraicha.
1950 Nov 20: KI singh attacked Bhairaba second time. Gov forces recaptured Birgunj.
1950 Nov 24: Indian PM Nehru started mediation in the conflict.
1950 Dec 10-11: Mukti sena captured Dingla & Khotang.
1950 Dec 11: Mukti sena attacked Biratnagar and captured in Dec 23 and started provisional governemt in Dec 24 headed by KP Koirala.
1950 Dec 14: Mukti sena captured Jhapa.
1951 Jan 16: Nepali Congress agreed on ceasefire as requested by Nehru in Jan 10 but KI Singh continued.
1951 Feb 12: India mediated formal peace agreement between King, Rana & Nepali Congress known as "Delhi Accord".
1951 Feb 15: King Tribhuvan and major leaders of Nepali Congress returned from India after Delhi Agreement with Rana Regime. This day (Falgun 7, 2007) is/was marked as Democracy day in Nepal.
1951 Feb 21: Indian armed force intervened in support of the government. KI Singh and 100 rebels were captured.
1951 Apr 9: Bir Gorkha Dal led by Randhir Subba and Bharat Shamsher revolt against the new government.
1951 Apr 15 : government banned Veer Gorkha Dal.
1951 Apr 16: King Tribhuvan stripped PM Mohan Shamer from his position as supreme commander of Nepal Army.
1951 May 10-16: India mediated another negotiation between King, Rana and NC who agreed to established the 40 member advisory assembly.
1951 June 10: Rana PM Mohan shamsher formed another government with Nepali congress.
1951 Nov 6: Government fired on student protestors in Kathmandu.
1951 Nov 10: NC members resigned from the government.
1951 Nov 12: Rana PM Mohan Shamsher also resigned from the government.
1951 Nov 16: Matrika Prasad Koirala became the first commoner PM of Nepal after the end of Rana regime.
1951 Dec 14: Mohan Shumsher, Last Rana PM, went into self-imposed exile in India.
1952 Jan 22-24: Government troops suppressed a rebellion led by K. I. Singh in Kathmandu
1952 Jan 23: King Tribhuvan declared stated of emergency.
1952 Jan 25: Government banned Communist party of Nepal and Rastriya Mahasabha after Raksha Dal revolt.
1952 Feb 27: India sent 200 military personal in the name of assisting the government which stayed until 1970 Aug 18.
1952 May 26: BP Koirala became second president of the Nepali Congress Party.
1952 July 4: 40-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1952 July 25: Accused of violating party principles and acting against the constitution, NC expelled PM Matrika P Koirala.
1952 Aug 6: PM MP Koirala resigned.
1952 Aug 6: PM MP Koirala resigned.
1952 July 25: Accused of violating party principles and acting against the constitution, NC expelled PM Matrika P Koirala.
1952 July 4: 40-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1952 May 26: BP Koirala became second president of the Nepali Congress Party.
1952 Feb 27: India sent 200 military personal in the name of assisting the government which stayed until 1970 Aug 18.
1952 Jan 25: Government banned Communist party of Nepal and Rastriya Mahasabha after Raksha Dal revolt.
1952 Jan 23: King Tribhuvan declared stated of emergency.
1952 Jan 22-24: Government troops suppressed a rebellion led by K. I. Singh in Kathmandu
1951 Dec 14: Mohan Shumsher, Last Rana PM, went into self-imposed exile in India.
1951 Nov 16: Matrika Prasad Koirala became the first commoner PM of Nepal after the end of Rana regime.
1952 Aug 10: King Tribhuvan took control of the government.
1952 Sep 4: King Tribhubana dissolved the Advisory Assembly.
1953 June: MP Koirala established National Democratic Party.
1953 Jun 15: Matrika Prasad Koirala became PM. (2nd term)
1953 Sep 2: Second Kathmandu Municipal election held. Wards were reduced from 21 to 18. Sadhana devi became first elected women representative from ward no 8. Candidates of the banned CPN won some 50 percent of the vote. Indian troops intervened in support of the government.
1954 Jan 30: First party congress of CPN held in Patan secretly while still being banned for 9 days. Manmohan Adhikari elected as the General Secretory. (link)
1954 May 28: 112-member Advisory Assembly convened in Kathmandu.
1955 Jan 10: NC launched a civil disobedience movement
1955 Jan 31: PM Koirala resined but The Royal Council of State refused to accept the resignation. King Tribhubana dissolved the Royal Council of State on February 18 and vested royal powers in Crown Prince Mahendra Bir Bikram.
1955 Mar 2: Prince Mahendra accepted the resignation of PM.
1955 Mar 13: King Tribhuvan died. King Mahendra ascended the throne of Nepal.
1955 Apr 14: Direct rule by King Mahendra removing PM Matrika P Koirala.
1955 Jul 10: King Mahendra dissolved Advisory Assembly.
1956 Jan 24-25: Sixth National Convention of Nepali congress held in Birgunj. Subarna Shumshere elected as the President.
1956: Political relation between China and Soviet Union started to break on the definition of Marxism-Leninism which affected CPN.
1956 Sep 28: 8th convention of CP of China. Manmohan Adhikari attended representing CPN. Keshar Jung Rayamajhi took acting-general secretary during his visit.
1956 Jan 27: Tanka Prasad Acharya as PM by the King.
1956 Apr: Ban lifted on Communist Party of Nepal.
1957 Feb 25-28: Chinese PM Zhou Enlai visited Nepal
1957 May 23: BP Koirala elected as the president of Nepali Congress.
1957 Jul 13: Tanka Prasad Acharya resigned as PM.
1957 Jul 27: Dr. KI Singh as PM by the King.
1957 Aug 9: NC, NNC, and PP formed the Democratic Front (DF).
1957 Sep 30: government announced the postponement of the national elections which were scheduled for October 8.
1957 May 28-Jun 7: Second National congress held of CPN. Soft-liner & pro-soviet Keshar Jung Rayamajhi elected as the General Secretary. Manmohan Adhikari could not attend as he was taking medical treatment in China. Mohan Bikram Singh elected as the central committee member.
1957 Nov 14: King Mahendra took direct control of the govt as KI Singh resigned as PM.
1957 Dec 7: Democratic Front (DF) launched a civil disobedience campaign in protest of the postponement of the national elections.
1958 Feb 1: King Mahendra formed a government composed of representatives of the DF and NC ended its civil disobedience campaign on Feb 4.
1958 May 15: Suberna Shamsher, Nepali Congress leader, appointed as PM by the King.
1959 Feb 12 (2015 Falgun 1 B.S.): King Mahendra promulgated the new constitution which had provisioned 109-member lower house and 36-member upper house.
1959 Feb 18-Apr 3: First ever democratic election for parliament held in Nepal. Nepali Congress became the largest party winning over 2/3 seats (74 among total 109). (see elected members)1959 Mar 30: The 14th Dalai Lama entered India from North east and established government of Tibet in exile in Apr 28 in Dharmasala, India (west of Nepal).
1959 May 4: Suberna Shamsher resigned as PM.
1959 May 27: BP Koirala became first elected Prime Minister of Nepal.
1960 Apr 27-30: King Mahendra visited USA & Canada. (link) Addressed US congress in Apr 28.
1960 May 7-13: Seventh National Convention of Nepali Congress held at Kathmandu. Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala as president.
1960 Sep 22: PM Koirala visited USA to attend UN general assembly.
1960: USSR President Marshal Voroshilov visited Nepal
1960: Chinese PM Zhou En-lai visited Nepal for second time.
1960 Dec 15 (B.S. 2017 Poush 1): King Mahendra dissolved the parliament, suspended the constitution, and imprisoned the PM BP Koirala and other leaders.
1960 Dec 26: King Mahendra appointed a council of 5 ministers to help run the administration. Tulsi Giri as PM (1st term)
1961 Jan: UK Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip visited Nepal.
1961 Dec: Nepali congress started armed revolution.
1962 May (2019 Jeth BS): Election of City-panchayat, Jilla-Panchayat and Anchal-panchayat one after another.
1962 Mar 20 (2018 Chaitra 7): Gram Panchayat (local level) election in 3439 villages.
1962 Apr 13 (B.S. 2019 Baisakh 1): King Mahendra laid the foundation stone of Mahendra Highway in Gaidakot, Nawalparasi.
1962 Oct 20-Nov 21: Indo-China war.
1962 Nov 8: Nepali congress called off the armed insurrection and adopted peaceful means for struggle amid Indo-China war.
1962 Dec 16 (B.S. 2019 Paush 1) : King Mahendra promulgated the new Constitution of Nepal (नेपालको संविधान २०१९). The new constitution created 4-tire Panchayeti System (पञ्चायत): Village/Town Panchayat, District Panchayat, Zonal Assembly & National panchayat.
1963 Dec 23: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (1st term)
1964 Feb 26: Tulsi Giri as PM (2nd term)
1964 Apr 13:(2021 Baisakh 1-Jeth 15): mid-term election in 3543 village panchayat.
1965 Jan 26: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (2nd term)
1967: Back to the Village National Campaign (Gaau Farka, गाउँ फर्क राष्ट्रिय अभियान) was implemented until 1975.
1967 Oct 30-Dec 3: King Mahendra visited USA.
1968 Oct 30: BP Koirala and many other leaders released from the prison. BP went to India.
1969 Apr 7: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM. (1st term)
1969: Indian PM Indira Gandhi imposed economic blockade to Nepal. Nepal asked 18 Indian Army checkposts and liaison groups be withdrawn from Nepal asap.
1970 Apr 13: Gehendra Bahadur Rajbhandari as acting PM.
1970 June 18: All checkeposts of Indian army removed from Nepal.
1971: First Election of National Panchayet held. Total 125 members; out of them 16 were appointed by the King, 90 were elected by Zonal Assemblies, 15 were elected by class organizations and 4 were elected by the collage graduates. Ram Raja Prasad Singh won from graduate seat. But as a reformist Singh was arrested before the sworn in ceremony.
1971 Aug 26: Ram Raja Prasad Singh was given royal pardon, then he took the oath of
1971 Apr 14: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM (2nd term)
1971 Jun 27: Prince Dipendra, son of then Crown Prince Birendra, born
1971 Nov 1: New National Education System (राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा पद्धतिको योजना २०२८) implemented. Two districts Chitwan and Kaski was selected for the first phase.
1972 Jan 31: King Mahendra died. Birendra became the new King of Nepal.
1972 Aug 24: BP Koirala started armed revolution against the Panchayati System from India.
1972 Oct: Surya Bahadur Thapa arrested.
1972-1974(BS 2028-2030): Jhapa Andolan (झापा आन्दोलन).
1973 March 4 (2029 Falgun 21): 5 leaders of Jhapa Andolan killed in Sukhani Jungle during their transfer from Chandragadhi Jail to Ilam Jail. KP Oli government declared them as martyr in 2016 March 2 after 43 years.
1973 Jul 16: Nagendra Prasad Rijal as PM
1975 Feb 24: Coronation of King Birendra. He presented the proposal to recognize Nepal as a zone of peace. Eventually recognized by 116 countries except India.
1975 April: Kingdom of Sikkim was annexed by India.
1975 Dec 1: Tulsi Giri as PM (3rd term)
2032 BS: Election of village, city and district panchayats held.
1976 June: King Birendra visited China. Chine supported Nepal's zone of peace proposal.
1976 Dec 30: (BS 2033 Paush 16) BP Koirala returned Nepal adopting Rastriya Melmilap Niti and arrested.
1977 Sep 12: Kirti Nidhi Bista as PM (3rd term).
1978 Dec 26: (2035 Push 11) CPN (ML) founded by CP Mainali, Madhab K Nepal, Ramchandra Yadav, Amrit Bohora, Jhalnath Khanal, Mukunda Neupane, Manilal Rai, Govinda Neupane, Jibraj Ashrit, Modnath Prashit, Madan Bhandari, Bamdev Gautam, Siddinath Gyawali, Netrala Abhagi, Basu Shakya etc.
Student Revolution of 1979/80 (छत्तिस सालको बिद्यार्थी आन्दोलन)
1979 Apr 6: Students protested against the execution of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, former PM of Pakistan. remembered as the start of Nepali Revolution of 1979/80.1979 Apr 23: Ascol clash between police and students. 3 students killed.
1979 Apr 27: people in Hetauda kept a Minister hostage for 10 hours. Police responded, 3 to 17 peoples died. Next day many leaders arrested. BP Koirala was kept under house arrest.
1979 May 2: King Birendra formed 5 member commission to find the solution for the unrest.
1979 May 23: King Birendra made a public declaration for a referendum with secret vote.
1979 May 30: Surya Bahadur Thapa as PM (3rd term)
1980: Namita Sunita Kanda : School girls Namita Bhandari, Sunita Bhandari and Neera Parajuli, were raped and murdered in Pokhara, Nepal. The bodies of all three girls were found in the Gandaki River. The only witness Churamani Adhikari, employee of forest dept was taken to police station but next day he was found dead, later police decleare that as suicide. The Namita-Sunita case was closed inconclusively in 2003. (L)
1980 May 2: Referendum (२०३६ सालको जनमत संग्रह) on non-partisan panchayat system or a multiparty system. The panchayat system received a slim majority of 54.8%. Voter turnout was 66.9%.
1980 June 1: Surya Bahadur Thapa became PM (3rd term)
1981 May 9: Second Election of National Panchayat held. Political parties were still banned. In total 140 seats 28 were appointed by King and 112 were to be independently elected. Two pre-panchayat PM also contested. Matrika Prasad Koirala lost the election where K.I. Singh won. NC (Suberna) launched 36 candidates as independents winning by 4 candidates namely Dr. K.I. Singh, Bakhan Singh Gurung, Kashi Nath Gautam and Bhagwat Yadav. PM Thapa elected from Dhankuta but 70% of the candidate unofficially supported by the state lost the election.
1981 May/June: Chinese PM Zhao Ziyang visited Nepal
1982 May 11 (Baisakh 28-Jeth 4 2039 BS): 4022 village, 29 city and 75 districts panchayat election held.
1982 Jun 16 (Asadh 2, 2039BS): District Panchayat election held.
1982 Jul 21: BP Koirala, leader of Nepali Congress and former PM, died.
1983 Jul 12: Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (1st term)
1983 Dec 5-10: King Birendra visited USA. (link)
1984 March 19: Chinese President Li Xiannian visited Nepal.
1984 Oct 31: Indian PM Indira Gandhi assassinated.
1985 May 23: Nepali congress started Civil Disobedience Movement (सत्याग्रह). More than 12000 party workers and sympathizers voluntarily went to jail for several months.
1985 June 20: Blasts of 1985 (४२ साले बम काण्ड): series of coordinated bomb blasts occurred in Kathmandu and other cities in Nepal. 8 people incl 1 member of panchayati parliament killed. Ramraja Prasad Singh, leader of then Nepal Janabadi Morcha claimed the responsibility. Nepali Congress had to call off its disobedience movement after the blasts.
1986 Mar 21: Nagendra Prasad Rijal as PM (2nd term)
1986: UK Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip visited Nepal
1986 May 12: Third Election of National panchayat held. 1,548 candidates ran as independents for 112 seats where as 28 were appointed by the king.
1986 Jun 15: Marich Man Singh Shrestha as PM
1987 Mar 21 & 24: (2043 Chaitra 7-10) Local election held in all 33 City & 4,015 Village Panchayats. (link)
Indian official blockade of Nepal in 1989/1990
1987 Dec: India warned Nepal not to purchase antiaircraft gun from China.
1988 March: Nepal made a deal to purchase Chinese weapons.1988 July 22: Indian PM Rajiv Gandhi sent his foreign minister Natwar Singh to Nepal to urge not to purchase weapons again from China. King Birendra refused.
1988 Aug 21: 6.9 rector scaled earthquake hit Nepal. Over 700 killed.
1989 March 23: Nepal-India Trade and transit treaty expired. India refused to renew. Since then India officially imposed blockade in Nepal until Apr 1990.1988 Aug 21: 6.9 rector scaled earthquake hit Nepal. Over 700 killed.
1989 Apr, May: Nepal bought fuel from China.
1989 Oct 5: Nepali foreign minister Sailendra Kumar Upadhaya raised the issue of blockade in UN without mentioning India.
1989 Nov: Chinese PM Li Peng visited Nepal. In Kathmandu he said: "all countries, small or big, should be treated equally. Problems and disputes should be handled according to five principles of peaceful co-existence".
Revolution 1990 / People's Movement 1 (जनआन्दोलन भाग १)
1990 Jan 18: Nepali Congress called for a decisive movement for the restoration of democracy and welcomed other parties to join.
1990 Jan : seven communist parties formed a alliance to fight for democracy led by Sahana Pradhan.
1990 February 18 (Falgun 7, 2046 B.S.): Nation-wide Movement for Restoration of Democracy was started by Nepali Congress and Left front of seven Communist Parties led by CPN (ML).
1990 Apr 6: 50 pro-democracy demonstrators were killed in Kathmandu on a march to Royal Palace.
Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (2nd time) [13 days]
1990 Apr 6: King appointed Lokendra Bahadur Chand as PM (2nd time) [13 days]
1990 Apr 8: upraising organized by Nepali Congress and Left alliance became successful, King Birendra removed the 30 years ban on political parties. Panchayat System ended.
1990 Apr 15: Panchayat System was suspended.
Key People of Panchayat
King Mahendra (1920 June 11 - 1972 Jan 31)
King Birendra (1945 Dec 29 - 2001 June 1)
BP Koirala (1914 Sep 8 - 1982 Jul 21) NC Leader
Ganeshman Singh (1915 Nov 9 - 1997 Sep 18) NC Leader
Tulsi Giri (b 1926 Sep 26 - present) PM
Kirtinidhi Bista (1927 Jan 15 - 2017 Nov 11) PM
Nagendra Prasad Rijal (1927 Apr 20 - 1994 Sep 23) PMSurya Bahadur Thapa ( 1928 Mar 21- 2015 Apr 15) PM
Lokendra B Chand (1940 Feb 15 - present) PM
Ram Raja Prasad Singh (1936 - 2012 Sep 12) key figure against Panchayati system.
1990 Apr 19: Krishna Prasad Bhattarai from Nepali Congress became PM
1990 Apr: India removed the 13 months blockade in Nepal.
1990 June: PM Bhattarai visited India and met Indian PM VP Singh. India removed the blockade.
1st Krishna P Bhattarai Government (1990 Apr-1991 May)
1990 Nov 21-23: 5th SAARC summit held in Maldives. Prime minister Bhattarai represented Nepal. Before this summit King used to represent Nepal in international forum.
1990 Dec 9 (B.S. 2047 Mangsir 23): King Birendra promulgated new constitution of Nepal. (नेपाल अधिराज्यको संविधान, २०४७)
1990 Dec 9 (B.S. 2047 Mangsir 23): King Birendra promulgated new constitution of Nepal. (नेपाल अधिराज्यको संविधान, २०४७)
1990 Sep 10: New drafted constitution was submitted to the king for approval.
1990 June: Ratna Shamsher JBR became Chief of Nepal Police.
1990 June: PM Bhattarai visited India and met Indian PM VP Singh. India removed the blockade.
1990 May 30: 9-membered "Constitutional Recommondation Commission" was formed.
1990 May 7: 14 zonal commissioners (anchaladhish) were removed from the office. This office was deemed to be pro-king and anti democracy.
1990 Apr: India removed the 13 months blockade in Nepal.
1990 Apr 19 : Krishna Prasad Bhattarai from agitating party Nepali Congress became the PM leading the interim government.
1991 May 15: Gadul Shamsher JBR became Chief of Nepal Army. COAS.
1991 Feb 13-14: Indian PM Chandra Shekher visited Nepal.
1991 March: CPN (ML) and CPN (Marxist) united to form CPN (UML)
1991 May 12: First election after restoration of democracy. Nepali congress won majority (110 out of 205) seats. CPN UML got 69 seats where as future maoist party Samyukta Janamorcha became 3rd party winning 9 seats.
1st Girija Prasad Koirala Government (1991 May-1994 Nov) 3 years 6 months
1991 June 26: Nepali congress won majority seats in Rastriya Sabha (upper house). (Total 60- indirectly elected members 50, nominated by King 10). Members: Madhab Kumar Nepal (UML, leader of opposition),
1991 Dec : Nepal-India agreed on India's access on Nepali Tanakpur Barrage on Mahakali river.
1991 Dec 21: 6th SAARC summit held in Sri Lanka. PM Koirala represented Nepal.
1992 Feb 8: RPP Thapa & RPP Chand merged to form RPP.
1992 Feb: Motilal Bohora became Chief of Nepal Police.
1992 Apr 6: General Strike by lef. wing, many shot dead.
1992 Apr 26-May 31 Local election held in all 36 municipalities and 3,995 VDCs.
1992 May 2: General strike by left wing.
1993 Jan 27-Feb 2: 5th convention of CPN UML, party adopted People's Multi-party Democracy.
1993 Mar 16: Madan Bhandari, leader of the influential 'Communist party of Nepal UML', killed in the road accident along with other leader Jeev Raj Ashrit. Only eyewitness of the scene car driver Amar Lama was killed by unidentified gunman in daylight 1:45 pm in Kirtipur in 2003 July 28.
1993 Apr 10-11: 7th SAARC summit held in Bangladesh. Again PM Koirala represented Nepal.
1993 June 29: several days anti government protest, 25 people killed so far.
1994 March 7: Koirala government survived no confidence vote at house of representative.
1994 July 10: Koirala Government lost on new no-confidence vote despite of being majority party as 36 MPs of NC voted against him. PM Girija Prasad Koirala resigned. House of representative was dissolved next day.
1994 mid-term election
1994 Nov 15: Midterm legislative election held. Among total 205 seats CPN UML won 88 seats becoming largest party followed by Nepali Congress 83 and Rastriya Prajantra Party 20.
Man Mohan Adhikari Government (1994 Nov - 1995 Sep) 9 months
1994 Nov 30: CPN UML leader Man Mohan Adhikari (मनमोहन अधिकारी) appointed as Prime Minister of the minority government. Madhav Kumar Nepal was deputy pm, foreign and defense minister and KP Oli was home minister in this cabinet.
1994 Dec 26: Government decided to provide monthly allowance of Rs.100 to age 75 and older. This decision gave wide credit to UML for years to come.
1995 May 2-4: 8th SAARC summit held in India. Nepal PM Manmohan Adhikari represented Nepal.
1995 May 15: Dharma Palwar Singh Thapa became chief of Nepal Army. COAS.
1995 June 13: Nepali congress tabled no-confidence motion against the government which was supported by Rastriya Prajatantra Party.
1995 June 15: by the cabinet recommendation King dissolved the parliament and announced for new election.
1995 Aug 14: PM Man Mohan Adhikari survived in helicopter accident. (link)
1995 Aug 28 : Supreme Court ruled that the recommendation of Prime Minister Man Mohan Adhikary to dissolve the parliament and new re-election was unconstitutional.
1st Sher B Deuba Government (1995 Sep - 1997 Mar) 1 year 6 months
1995 Sep 12: Nepali Congress leader Sher Bahadur Deuba appointed as the Prime Minister leading collation government of Nepali Congress, Rastriya Prajatantra Party and Nepal Sadbhawana Party.
1995 Nov: govt launched police operation code named "operation Romeo" in rolpa district to tackle future maoist insurgency.
1996 Feb 4: Maoists presented 40-point demand to Nepal government and gave the ultimatum of 17 February, 1996 to fulfill that otherwise to they would start armed struggle.
1996 Feb: Achyut Krishna Kharel became Chief of Nepal Army until March.
1996 Feb 12: Mahakali Treaty signed. Nepali PM Sher B Deuba and Indian PM P.V. Narsimha Rao signed the agreement. Nepali parliament passed the treaty by 2/3 majority with the help of Nepali Congress, CPN-UML, Rastriya Prajatantra Party and Nepal Sadbhavana Party in the same year. (link)
1996 Feb 13 (B.S. 2052 Falgun 1): CPN (Maoist) officially launched the Civil War.
(for detail Timeline of Civil war click here)
(for detail Timeline of Civil war click here)
1996 Mar: Dhurba Bahadur Pradhan became Chief of Nepal Army.
1996 March 24: Deuba government survived no-confidence.
1996 May 17: Deuba government extended to 48 ministers.
1996 Dec: Achyut Krishna Kharel became of Chief of Nepal Police again.
1997 March 6: Deuba government lost on no-confidence. PM Sher B Deuba resigned.
3rd Lokendra Bd Chand Government(1997) (1st in Democracy)
1997 March 12: RPP leader Lokendra Bahadur Chand appointed as Prime minister leading the collation government of CPN UML, RPP & NSP.
4th Shurya Bd Thapa Government (1997 Oct-1998 Apr) 6 months (1st in Democracy)
1997 Oct 7: RPP leader Shurya Bahadur Thapa appointed as the Prime Minister leading the collation government with Nepali Congress.
2nd Girija Pradas Koirala Government (1998 Apr -1999 May) 1 year 1 month
1998 Apr 15: Nepali Congress leader Girija Prasad Koirala appointed as Prime Minister as a minority government.
3rd Girija Prasad Koirala Government (2000 Mar - 2001 Jul)
2000 Mar 22: Nepali Congress leader Girija Prasad Koirala appointed as the Prime Minister (3rd).
2000 Aug 6: Musician and Singer Prabin Gurung killed in the road accident by the Jeep allegedly driven by Prince Paras.
2000 Dec 26: rioting began over rumor of Bollywood actor Hritik Roshan.
2001: Maoist founded People's Liberation Army (PLA), Prachanda as chief
2001 Jan 4: PM Girija p Koiriala survived no-confidence motion within his party 69-44.
2001 Jan 22: First Armed Police Force (APF) ordinance issued to create a new paramilitary force by Government to deal with maoists.
2001 Feb 23: opposition disrupted the house on "GP Koirala Lauda air case" for a month.
2001 Feb 26: King Birendra visited China.
2001 July: PM GP Koirala resigned.
2nd Sher B Deuba Government (2001 Jul - 2002 Oct)
2001 July 26: Nepali Congress leader Sher B Deuba appointed as Prime Minister (2nd).
1996 May 12: Girija Prasad Koirala elected as the president of Nepali Congress.
1996 May 17: Deuba government extended to 48 ministers.
1996 Dec: Achyut Krishna Kharel became of Chief of Nepal Police again.
1996 Dec 24: Deuba government narrowly survived no-confidence.
1997 March 6: Deuba government lost on no-confidence. PM Sher B Deuba resigned.
3rd Lokendra Bd Chand Government(1997) (1st in Democracy)
1997 March 12: RPP leader Lokendra Bahadur Chand appointed as Prime minister leading the collation government of CPN UML, RPP & NSP.
1997 May 12-14: 9th SAARC summit held in Maldives. PM Chand represented Nepal.
1997 May 17 & 26: Local election held in all 58 municipalities and 3,913 VDCs. UML won majority of local levels with 52.18% popular vote where as NC got limited to 29.83% vote.
1997 June 5: Nepal and India ratified Mahakali treaty.
1997 Sep 18: Veteran NC leader Ganesh Man Singh died at the age of 82.
1997 Oct 4: Chand government lost on no-confidence major raised by Nepali Congress by 94 against 107 among total 205. Some of his won party member voted against Chand. PM Chand resigned from the post and king accepted the resignation. (l)
4th Shurya Bd Thapa Government (1997 Oct-1998 Apr) 6 months (1st in Democracy)
1997 Oct 7: RPP leader Shurya Bahadur Thapa appointed as the Prime Minister leading the collation government with Nepali Congress.
1998 Jan 25-31: 6th general convention of CPN UML held in Nepalgunj. Manmohan Adhikari elected as President and Madhab Nepal elected as General Secretory.
1998 Feb : Thapa government survived no-confidence.
1998 Mar 5: CPN UML split on Mahakali Treaty issue. CP Mainali, Sahana Pradhan, Bamdev Gautam registered a new party named CPN ML.
1998 Mar 5: CPN UML split on Mahakali Treaty issue. CP Mainali, Sahana Pradhan, Bamdev Gautam registered a new party named CPN ML.
2nd Girija Pradas Koirala Government (1998 Apr -1999 May) 1 year 1 month
1998 Apr 15: Nepali Congress leader Girija Prasad Koirala appointed as Prime Minister as a minority government.
1998 June 29: RPP member of parliament Mirza Dilsad Beg murdered in Kathmandu.
1998: Koirala government launched "Kilo sera 2" police operation to tackle maoists.
1998 July 29-31: 10th SAARC summit held in Sri Lanka. PM Grija P Koirala represented Nepal.
1998 Dec 24: Current PM Koirala continued as Prime Minister in the new government as his party Nepali Congress got together with CPN UML and NSP to form a collation government .
1999 Apr 26: Ex.PM & UML leader Manmohan Adhikari died during election campaign.
1999 General Election
1999 May 3 & May 17: General election held. Nepali congress got majority 111 seats among total 205 followed by CPN UML 71 and RPP (Thapa) 11.
1999 May 19: Prajjwal Shamsher JBR became Chief of Nepal Army. COAS.2nd Krishna Prasad Bhattarai Gov (1999 May - 2000 Mar) 10 months (Elected this time)
1999 May 31: Nepali Congress leader Krishna Prasad Bhattarai appointed as Prime Minister.
1999 Sep: Pradip Shamsher JBR became Chief of Nepal Police.
2000 Jan 12: Government formed 6 member committee led by former PM Deuba to solve the maoist problem.
2000 Feb 16: almost half of Nepali Congress leaders at House of representative signed a motion of no confidence to its own party government.
2000 Mar 16: following the second motion of no-confidence by 69 members house of representative from Nepali congress, PM Bhattarai resigned before voting.
3rd Girija Prasad Koirala Government (2000 Mar - 2001 Jul)
2000 Aug 6: Musician and Singer Prabin Gurung killed in the road accident by the Jeep allegedly driven by Prince Paras.
2000 Dec 26: rioting began over rumor of Bollywood actor Hritik Roshan.
2001: Maoist founded People's Liberation Army (PLA), Prachanda as chief
2001 Jan 4: PM Girija p Koiriala survived no-confidence motion within his party 69-44.
2001 Jan 22: First Armed Police Force (APF) ordinance issued to create a new paramilitary force by Government to deal with maoists.
2001 Feb 23: opposition disrupted the house on "GP Koirala Lauda air case" for a month.
2001 Feb 26: King Birendra visited China.
Royal Massacre of 2001
2001 June 1 9PM: Royal Massacre occurred in Narayanhati Royal Palace killing 10 members of Royal family including the King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, Crown Prince Dipendra (died after 3 days), Prince Nirajan, Princess Shruti.
2001 June 2 : Crown Prince Dipendra appointed as the King of Nepal while in coma.
2001 June 4 : Prince Gyanendra (brother of Birendra) appointed as the King of Nepal after the death of King Dipendra in 3 days.
2001 June 14: High level investigation committee (including then Chief Justice Keshab Prasad Upadhaya & Speaker of the house Taranath Ranabhat) confirmed that Dipendra was the killer.
2001 July: PM GP Koirala resigned.
2nd Sher B Deuba Government (2001 Jul - 2002 Oct)
2001 July 26: Nepali Congress leader Sher B Deuba appointed as Prime Minister (2nd).
2001 Sep 11: Terrorist attack in the twin tower of New York, USA.
2001 Oct 24: Government formed a new paramilitary force "Armed Police Force" to fight with Maoists.
2002 Sep 22: Nepali Congress party split. PM Deuba formed his own party name Nepali Congress (Democratic).2001 Oct 26: King Gyanendra declared Prince Paras as the Crown Prince making him next man in the line of succession.
2001 Nov 26: State of emergency was declared as the death toll from recent Maoist rebels attacks mounted. Government mobilized Nepal Army to counter Maoist rebels.
2002 Jan 4-6: Nepal hosted 11th SAARC summit. PM Deuba represented Nepal.
2002 Feb 16: CPN UML and CPN ML united again. These two parties were split in 1998.
2002 Feb 21 : Parliament extended state of emergence three more months.
2002 May 22 (BS 2059 Jeth 8): Due to disagreement over a proposed extension of emergency, King dissolved the House of Representative and ordered elections by the advice of Cabinet.
King Gyanendra sacked deuba in 2002
2002 Oct 4 (BS 2059 Ashoj 18 Fri): King Gyanendra abolished Deuba government for being incapable, and put advertisement for new PM. Many people applied for the post of PM in Royal Palace. Political parites took the action as regression (प्रतिगमन) of history.
4th Lokendra Bahadur Chand Gov (2002 Oct - 2003 June) (appointed by King Gyanendra)
2003 Apr/ May: Peace talk between Government and maoist held.
2004 Jun 3: King appointed Sher B Deuba as Prime Minister. From 2002 Sep to 2007 Sep, Deuba was the president of Nepali Congress (Democratic), a split of NC.
2002 Oct 4 (BS 2059 Ashoj 18 Fri): King Gyanendra abolished Deuba government for being incapable, and put advertisement for new PM. Many people applied for the post of PM in Royal Palace. Political parites took the action as regression (प्रतिगमन) of history.
4th Lokendra Bahadur Chand Gov (2002 Oct - 2003 June) (appointed by King Gyanendra)
2002 Oct 11: King appointed Lokendra B Chand as Prime minister.
2002 Dec: Shyam Bhakta Thapa became Chief of Nepal Police.
2003 Jan 25: Maoists killed APF chief Krishna Mohan Shrestha (Civil war detailed timeline)
2003 Feb 1-6: 7th Convention of CPN UML held in Janakpur. The post of party chairman which was vacant after the death of Man Mohan Adhikari was abolished. Madhav Kumar Nepal was elected as general secretary.
2003 Apr/ May: Peace talk between Government and maoist held.
5th Surya Bahadur Thapa Gov (2003 Jun - 2004 Jun) (appointed by King Gyanendra)
2003 Jun 5: King appointed Surya B Thapa as Prime Minister.
2003 Sep 10: Pyar Jung Thapa became Chief of Nepal Army. COAS
2003 Sep 10: Pyar Jung Thapa became Chief of Nepal Army. COAS
2003 Nov: Government initiated the concept of "Unified Command" to effectively mobilize all three security forces of Nepal under the command of Nepal Army to counter maoist. Ended July 2006.
2003 Nov 20: CPN UML leader Madhav Kumar Nepal meets CPN Maoist leaders in Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India.
2004 Jan 4-6: 12th SAARC summit held in Pakistan. PM Surya B Thapa represented Nepal.
2004 Apr: Nepal joined World Trade Organization (WTO).
2004 May 7: PM Thapa resigned after massive protest of 5 party alliance.
3rd Sher Bahadur Deuba Gov (2004 June -2005 Feb) (appointed by King Gyanendra)
2004 Jun 3: King appointed Sher B Deuba as Prime Minister. From 2002 Sep to 2007 Sep, Deuba was the president of Nepali Congress (Democratic), a split of NC.
2004 July 5: CPN UML joined 4 party cabinet led by deuba saying "regression half corrected / pratigaman aadha sachhiyo". Cabinet: NC-D 12, UML 11, NSP 1, RPP 5, 2 from the King: total 31.
2004 Aug 21: 12 Nepali killed in Iraq by terrorist.
2004 Dec 26: earthquake and tsunami in indian ocean killing over 2,30,000 people and badly affected Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Maldives, Malaysia and reached as far as african countries like Madagascar, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa.2004 Sep 8: spice Nepal granted license to operate first private phone service in Nepal. later they operated popular brand Mero-Mobile / NCell.
Direct Rule by the King Gyanendra (2005 Feb -2006 Apr)
2005 Feb 1 (BS 2061 Magh 19): King Gyanendra again abolished the Deuba government, imposed state of emergency. Next day he fromed a new 10-member cabinet.
2005 Feb 17: King Gyanendra set up a controversial anti-corruption body.
2005 Apr 14: King Gyanendra said he was ordering municipal polls to be held by mid-April 2006. Opposition parties dismissed the king's pledge and urged a boycott of the municipal polls.
2005 Apr 30: King Gyanendra lifted a state of emergency.
Seven Party Alliance, 12 Point Agreement, 2nd People's Movement & End of Monarchy
2005 May 8: Seven mainstream political parties agreed to form a united front to fight for a return of democracy. Maoist rebels supported the decision. 7 parties are Nepali Congress, CPN-UML, Nepali Congress (Democratic), Janamorcha Nepal, Nepal Workers and Peasant Party, Nepal Sadbhavana Party and United Left Front. Seven Parties had 194 seats (95%) in 205 seat disbanded parliament.
2005 Jun 29: US suspended a shipment of M-16 rifles to Nepal to protest at King Gyanendra's takeover in February.
2005 July: Former PM Sher B Deuba sentenced to two years in prison for corruption charge. Released on February 13, 2006, after the anti-corruption body that sentenced him was outlawed.
2005 Aug 30: 11th general convention of Nepali congress party started in Lalitpur. (li) Convention passed a resolution to remove constitutional monarchy from the party statute.
2005 Sep/ Oct: Maoist's Central Committee meeting held at Chunwang in Rukum aka "Chunwang Baithak" adopted democratic republic as new policy instead of single party people's republic.
2005 Sep/ Oct: Maoist's Central Committee meeting held at Chunwang in Rukum aka "Chunwang Baithak" adopted democratic republic as new policy instead of single party people's republic.
2005 Nov 12-13: 13th SAARC summit held in Bangladesh. As the direct ruler King Gyanendra himself represented Nepal.
2005 Nov 22: 12-points agreement was signed in Delhi, India between "Seven Party alliance- SPA" and CPN-Maoist which facilitated 2nd Democracy movement in Nepal.
2006 Feb 1: King Gyanendra pledged to hold national elections within 15 months, on the occasion of one-year anniversary of his direct rule.
2006 Feb 8: King Gyanendra held local election in 58 municipalities. All major political parties of that time NC, UML, NC-Democratic, Rastriya Janamorcha etc boycotted this election. This election declared invalid after successful 19-days people's movement.
2006 Feb 13: controversial anti-corruption body set up by King Gyanendra was dissolved, paving the way for the release of jailed ousted PM Sher Bahadur Deuba.
2006 Mar 13: Royal government offered amnesty, cash, jobs and land to communist rebels who surrender in the next three months. Some surrendered.
19-days people's movement (2006 Apr 6-24)
2006 Apr 6: First day of general strike demanding the king to restore democracy.
(watch on youtube: Link1, Link2, Link3)
2006 Apr 19: Indian PM Manmohan Singh sent Karan Singh as his special envoy to Nepal.
(watch on youtube: Link1, Link2, Link3)
2006 Apr 21: after weeks of massive protests and increasing international pressure King Gyanendra called on the seven main political parties to name a prime minister as soon as possible and vowed to return power to the people but people's movement continued. (see on youtube)
2006 Apr 24 (BS 2063 Baisakh 11): King Gyanendra reinstated disbanded parliament through message on national television shortly before midnight. (see on youtube).
4th Girija Prasad Koirala Government (2006 Apr - 2008)
2006 Apr 25: Nepali congress leader Girija P Koirala appointed as the Prime Minister (4th).
2006 Apr 25: Nepali congress leader Girija P Koirala appointed as the Prime Minister (4th).
2006 Apr 28: Parliament re-convened after four years, legislators proposed a cease-fire with Maoist rebels and elections for a constitutional assembly.
2006 May 3: Cabinet declared a cease-fire with maoists and remove the "terrorist" label form them.
2006 May 11: government released key maoist leaders Matrika Yadhav and Suresh Ale Magar, dropped murder charges against them, marking the administration's first major release of militants.
2006 May 18: Parliament reduced the powers of the king, calling for him to be stripped of his legal immunity, authority over the army and exemption from paying taxes and also declared Nepal a secular state, ending its unique status as the world's only Hindu nation. Nepali press/people welcomed this as "magna carta" of Nepal.
2006 Jun 10: Parliament stripped King Gyanendra of his veto power over the legislature, parliament now need no approval of the king before signing a bill into law.
2006 Jun 16: Maoist supremo Prachanda became public in Kathmandu.
2006 Aug 9: Government and Maoists wrote separate letters to UN asking for assistance.
2006 Sep: Om Bikram Rana became Chief (IGP) of Nepal Police.
2006 Sep 9: Lt General Rukmangat Katuwal became Chief (COAS) of Nepal Army.
2006 Sep 22: parliament passed a new law imposing tighter civilian control over the army which was considered loyal to the nation's royal family.
2006 Sep 22: parliament passed a new law imposing tighter civilian control over the army which was considered loyal to the nation's royal family.
2006 Nov 21: "Comprehensive Peace Accord" (view in pdf) signed by government (PM Koirala) and CPN Maoist (party president Prachanda) officially ending decade long civil war.
2007 Jan 15: Pratinidhi Sabha, the legislature of Nepal, dissolved. Last meeting of the parliament promulgated "Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2007" which provisioned the outgoing parliament be replaced by a new "Interim legislature" of 330 members as agreed between Seven parties alliance and CPN Maoist. Among them 209 from Seven party alliance and parties in former parliament, 83 from CPN Maoist, and 48 from civil society. (48 later distributed 10 each for NC, CPN-UML & CPN-Maoist, 6 to NC Democratic, and 3 each to NSP Anandidevi, NWPP, Janamorcha & United Left front as decided in Jan 11, 2007)
Girija Pd Koirala as Head of State (2007 Jan 15- 2008 Jul 23)
2007 Jan 16 : Madhesh uprising started led by Madheshi Janadhikar Forum (MJF).
2007 Jan 23: United Nations established United Missions in Nepal (UNMIN) to monitor the disarmament of Maoist rebels and the preparations for Constituent Assembly elections in 2007 by the request of both parties Nepal Government and Maoists. Ian Martin was the first head of UNMIN.
2007 Mar 21: Gaur carnage: 27 people killed in violent clash between MJF and Maoist's Madheshi Rastriya Mukti Morcha in Gaur, Hajmaniya and Mudhbaliya area.
2007 Apr 2 : Maoists joined the interim government of Girija Prasad Koirala.
2007 Apr 3-4: 14th SAARC summit held in India. PM Koirala represented Nepal.
2007 June 13: Electoral bills passed. Elections announced for Nov. 22, 2007.
2007 Aug 30: 22-point agreement between government and MJF
2007 Sep 18: Maoists quit the interim government and launched the first phase of their so called "street revolt", and threatened to boycott the Nov 22 elections.
2007 Dec 24: Seven-Party Alliance and Maoists reached 23-point agreement to abolish the monarchy.
2007 Sep 25: Nepali Congress and its spilinter Nepali Congress (Democratic) got united.
2007 Dec 28: Interim Parliament voted to abolish Nepal's Monarchy. Out of 321 members, 270 voted for the abolition of the monarchy and 3 voted against. The rest were absent or abstained.
2007 Dec 30: Maoists rejoined Girija p Koirala government
2008 Feb 28 : 8-point agreement (८ बुँदे सहमति) between Government and agitating "Samyukta Loktantrik Madheshi Morcha" including MJF, TMLP, Sadbhawana Party (Agreed on Nepal to be Federal democratic republic and there will be autonomous Madhesh state).
2008 Apr 10: First Constituent Assembly Election held. CPN Maoist became largest party with 229 seats among total 601 followed by Nepali Congress 115 and CPN UML 108.
2008 May 28: Constituent Assembly (CA) meeting voted to abolish Monarchy. 560 out of 564 CA members voted against the monarchy.
2008 June 11: Former King Gyanendra left his official residence Narayanhiti Royal Palace.
2008 July 21: The Constituent Assembly elected Dr Ram Baran Yadav as the First President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Sworn in at 2008 July 23.
References:-
http://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/asiapacific-region/nepal-1946-present/